ABSTRACT
On election day, the streets of Kingston were nearly deserted. A few ballot boxes were burned, six polling stations never opened, and there is some evidence of overvoting by both parties. The political situation in 1980 created obstacles to gathering data that are strictly comparable to the elections before it. Even at the time of the 1976 election, the economy was in serious trouble. The first advertisement in the series was a picture of the bell tower of a country church. The 1980 Manifesto of the People's National Party promised consolidation and expansion of the programs already instituted, and emphasized job creation to reduce the unemployment rate. Marley was invited by the Mugabe government to perform at the commemoration of the first anniversary of the victory of those forces, an honor that deeply impressed him. He claimed that Africa was reggae music's biggest audience.
