ABSTRACT
We were eight children and I was the youngest. I was born in Radom, Poland, a city well known for its tanneries and shoe factories. Nearly a third of Radom’s prewar population of 100,000 was Jewish. Most of the Jews in my home-town were killed along with 90 percent of Poland’s Jews during World War II. With one exception, my father and all of my brothers and sisters shared the same fate. Mannes, my oldest brother, had immigrated to America before World War I, actually before I was born. Other than Mannes, I am the only survivor.
