ABSTRACT

Neutralising a success-word is a device for wiping out cognitive achievement after it has arrived. Its counterpart for logical expressions would prevent cognitive achievement, if it had to travel along logical relations, which almost all cognitive achievement has to do sooner or later, from ever arriving. The way to sabotage a logical expression, and the way which is most common in our authors, is to embed a logical statement in a context which can be broadly described as epistemic. The use of epistemic embedding to sabotage a logical expression is less common in Karl Popper than in any of other authors. Another way to sabotage a logical expression is to embed it in a context which is not episteniic, but of a kind I will call "volitional". The sabotaging logical expressions is not only a device which is for our authors an essential auxiliary to that of neutralising success-words.