ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the area of minority relations, with two notable restrictions in scope being established at the outset: the emphasis is on American rather than comparative materials; and the perspective are resolutely social psychological. It is concerned with the contrasts in intergroup relations outside the United States and focuses on the social psychological features of prejudice, stereotyping, minority identity and self-esteem, marginality, ethnocentrism, and the like. The instrument contributions to the high correlations are probably massive, given chiefly the fact that the r’s derive from social distance instruments and/or prejudice tests that embody highly stereotypic judgments. Since the distinction between expressive and instrumental action is difficult to operationalize in research, it remains unclear whether that distinction is a viable one in distinguishing how personal and social control operate in different kinds of activism. With regard to the sense of personal control, the relation to minority-related activism remains in question, that between expressive and instrumental action.
