ABSTRACT
This chapter continues the discussion of how to conduct a biopsychosocial spiritual assessment of an older adult, outlining the psychological aspects of functional age. It includes the adaptive processes of older adults, the sensory and cognitive processes of aging, and the major mental illnesses of later years. A central feature of psychological age is its emphasis on the adaptive capacities of the individual and his or her ability to adjust to environmental demands. The psychological-age approach has several benefits. Because the concept encompasses past and present adaptive issues, its use during assessment helps the social worker "start where the client is." The psychological-age approach has the added benefit of avoiding unnecessary labeling. The practitioner is not restricted to using diagnostic categories. The psychological-age perspective suggests appropriate intervention strategies that draw on the client's resources, strengths, and resilience. The major mental disturbances experienced among older adults include depression and dementia.
