ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines framework issues related to monitoring equity and reviews ten monitoring systems that address equity in some way, focusing on the coverage of school education. School education was selected, as it is a widely provided service with extensive measurement, including international comparisons. The chapter identifies key issues and implications for evaluation by drawing on this information. There has been widespread interest internationally in monitoring performance against targets and goals, as illustrated by reports of progress against the Millennium Development Goals. Poverty provides one lens through which to view equity, but other frameworks are based on broader concepts of opportunity, well-being, progress, disadvantage, quality of life, social inclusion, development capabilities, and fairness. The chapter considers the ten monitoring systems; four are at the international level, four at the national level, and one at the subnational level. The scope of these systems includes indicators and targets related to global poverty and related to the indigenous population of a specific country.
