ABSTRACT
Codes and ciphers have been used for more than three thousand years to protect the communication of information. Information assurance and information security are technologies vital to national power. A strategic cipher is chosen according to the level of confidence assigned by the organization to the security of the cipher. The RSA products, withdrawn from the market, affected industrial security because the products were used by corporations and government agencies for access control and for data encryption. Government equipment for coding communications and protecting information is classified as secret and is protected by United States export laws and by US secrecy laws. Modern, rapid communications were made possible by the telegraph, but telegraphic messages could be intercepted if a spy or an enemy had access to the transmission infrastructure. The solution to coded messages coming from Enigma machines required, to start with, an in-depth knowledge of how the rotors on the machines were set up.
