ABSTRACT
The Treaty of Berlin elevated the Armenian Question to the level of international diplomacy, but the Armenians gained no advantage from that status. The Sassun crisis revived the European call for Armenian reforms. The Armenians hailed the victory of the army and its Young Turk commanders; at this historic moment manifestations of Ottoman Christian and Muslim brotherhood abounded. The Young Turk revolution of 1908 allowed Armenian political parties to emerge from the underground and to operate clubs and newspapers and vie for the parliamentary seats allotted the Armenians. The outbreak of world war in the summer of 1914 jeopardized implementation of the reform program and deeply alarmed Armenian leaders. The Treaty of Sèvres offered the Armenians a solution to a question that had cost the lives of half their nation and the devastation of their religious, political, cultural, economic, and social infrastructure.
