ABSTRACT
The economy began to recover in late 1961, after the abandonment of the Great Leap and the adoption of a new policy giving primary emphasis to agriculture. From 1952 to 1957, the Chinese population increased by 70 million. Non-agricultural employment grew by less than three million, and the ratio of non-agricultural employment to the total civilian labor force declined. Emphasis on industry did nothing to help solve the chronic Chinese problem of unemployment and underemployment. The Chinese rate of growth is accounted for mainly by the period 1952 to 1958, when their national product rose by from 6 to 9 per cent a year. Agriculture has hardly kept up with population growth, and the country seems to be no nearer solution of its agricultural problem than it was when the Communists came into power. India, in contrast to China, received substantial developmental aid throughout the entire period.
