ABSTRACT
The revolt of the comuneros of Paraguay was the first of several revolts which shook the Spanish American colonial world during the course of the eighteenth century. The aim of the regulation was to ensure payment of taxes levied on Paraguayan exports and to provide the settlers of Santa Fe with an additional source of income. Antequera became a folk hero and simple poems and songs about him became part of the oral literature of the Paraguayans. Sebastian Fernandez Montiel, the one-time bitter enemy of the Jesuits, publicly repented of what he had done against the Fathers and died a very old man in Asuncion in 1753. In the aftermath of the expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain and its empire there took place in Madrid and event which went unnoticed in Paraguay. Surprisingly enough, so did Bernardino Martínez, the one-time comunero who in the last years of the rebellion had turned against the rebels and joined Governor Za.
