ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the primary aberration theory of some lens and mirror systems which are not axisymmetric, diffraction gratings and holographic optical elements. The discussion of lenses and mirrors is restricted to systems in which all the cylinder axes intersect a single line and are either parallel or perpendicular to it. The discussion of holographic optical elements is limited to holograms formed on surfaces which are either plane or are in the form of quadrics of revolution, since these are at present the only cases for which reasonably manageable results are available. The chapter discusses a holographic optical element that may be formed on a non-plane substrate with aberrated forming beams and that the readout or reconstruction wavelength may be different from the recording wavelength. The equivalent of primary aberration formulae for the most general geometry would be so involved as to be useless for practical purposes.
