ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the non-in situ technologies that are potentially efficient and cost effective since both chemical and engineering parameters can be monitored and controlled. Excavation and landfilling, also known as "muck and truck" or "scoop and run," is the traditional method to remediate all kinds of contamination from barnyard manure to radioactive sites. Non-in situ bioremediation is also known as landfarming, land treatment, ex situ bioreclamation, surface biodegradation, and biopile. Equipment requirements for land treatment include earth moving and soil handling equipment, rototillers, tractors, disc harrows, sprinklers, mixing tanks, and monitoring fecilities. Soils are treated in rotating kilns, which are adaptations of asphalt drums and in indirect heat exchangers. Asphalt incorporation is a correct descriptive title, but may be misleading as a remedial technology. Workers handling contaminated soil that has been brought to the surface should be protected from inhalation exposure, especially for gasoline contaminated soils.
