ABSTRACT
The endocrine system is a group of widely separated tissues that regulate numerous body functions through their secretions or hormones. The various endocrine organs are linked primarily by blood, by the cardiovascular system. In response to hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory factors, the adenohypophysis releases hormones that regulate the function of other endocrine glands. Hyperthyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder of middle-aged and older cats. Diabetes mellitus, a deficiency of insulin action, is an important endocrine disease of cats. Acromegalic features are accompanied by insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus. However, despite this reserve, transient diabetes mellitus has been reported in other carnivores following partial pancreatectomy for insulin secreting islet cell neoplasms. Females appear to be at increased risk, and concurrent diabetes mellitus is frequently reported. Degenerative lesions of alpha and beta cells, and amyloid deposition within islet cells are frequently seen in cats with diabetes mellitus. Insular amyloid deposition has also been reported in normal cats.
