ABSTRACT
The purpose of research is to gain new knowledge that may be used to improve decisions and practice. The majority of research conducted within aviation is based on quantitative data. This chapter focuses on how to collect, process, and interpret such data. Every research design will have advantages and disadvantages, and the researcher needs to consider every option and possible methodological problem carefully before choosing the study design. Validity relates to how well the conclusions that are drawn from a study can be trusted. Different forms of validity related to study design include statistical validity, internal validity, external validity, and construct validity. Meta-analysis involves using statistical techniques to combine results from several studies that address the same problem. The chapter's main topic is related to how new knowledge is gained and about important research requirements concerning methods, design, analyses, and conclusions. Research methods and statistics are important tools when a phenomenon is investigated and the results are presented to others.
