ABSTRACT

This chapter deals with differential equations and choose between the finite element and finite-difference methods of solving the differential forms of the equations describing electromagnetic fields, confining ourselves to the finite element method. Indeed even in devices subject to dynamics, that is, transient performance, it often suffices to do a static analysis. Numerical methods involve integral as well as differential methods–that is those solving integral and differential forms, respectively, of the equations governing the electromagnetic fields the chapter seeks to determine how the electromagnetic device under analysis and synthesis behaves. A typical engineering electromagnetics text would give various closed form solutions for simple geometries that are infinitely long or circular or spherical. The only way out is to bring in numerical solutions which for realistic devices are practicable only on digital computers. Numerical methods–as distinguished from explicit closed form classical methods, hereinafter referred to as classical methods–constitute the core of computer-aided design.