ABSTRACT
An important performance concern for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the total energy dissipated by all the nodes in the network over the course of network lifetime. This chapter proposes a routing algorithm termed as principal component analysis (PCA)-guided routing algorithm (PCA-RA) by exploring the PCA approach. The algorithm remarkably reduces energy consumption and prolongs network lifetime by realizing the objective of minimizing the sum of distances between the nodes and the cluster centres in a WSN. The chapter helps to demonstrate that the PCA-RA can be efficiently implemented in WSNs by forming a nearly optimal K-means-like clustering structure. In addition, PCA-RA can decrease the network load while maintaining the accuracy of the sensor measurements during data aggregating process. The chapter evaluates the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm by simulations. The chapter deals with the PCA-RA and compares it with Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) and LEACH-E.
