ABSTRACT
Biotechnology is the use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life. The earliest biotechnologists were farmers who developed improved species of plants and animals by cross pollenisation or crossbreeding. Modern or 'new' biotechnology refers to the understanding and application of genetic information of animal and plant species. Genetic engineering modifies the functioning of genes in the same species or moves genes across species resulting in Genetically Modified Organisms. Food science is an interdisciplinary study involving microbiology, biology, chemistry, engineering, and biotechnology. Food microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms, both in food and used for the production of food. Today, food biotechnology utilizes the knowledge of plant science and genetics to further this tradition. Through the use of modern biotechnology, scientists can move genes for valuable traits from one plant to another. Modern food biotechnology may help promote public health, providing fruits, vegetables and grains with more nutritional benefits.
