ABSTRACT
This chapter examines how some private citizens, including women and government officials, gravitated toward developing a more organized, practical form of internationalism that advocated the use of arbitration and/or the building of international law to prevent wars and break down the barriers that divided private citizens. It devotes to considerable attention to how many elites, especially lawyers in the United States, promoted peace through the doctrine of Legalism—meaning the belief that international laws and legal institutions represented the best way to resolve international disputes in peaceful ways. The chapter considers how private citizens and governmental officials from Latin America to Asia also worked to combat the causes of war. It concludes with the legacy of the peace promotion efforts during this period. The chapter describes Individuals outside the United States and Europe made important contributions to the global movement for peace.
