ABSTRACT
This chapter presents finite element simulations of full-scale ship stranding in order to examine their energy absorbing mechanisms and fracture. In the analysis of ship structures subjected to impact loadings, most of the definitions of input parameters have become standard inputs in the numerical codes, such as the formulation of the shell elements and the contact-impact algorithm. The design of ship double-hull structure against collision is conservative, thus the seabed is considered as rigid so that the double-hull structure is designed to absorb all impact energy. Double hulls are common structures of ship bottom. In ship grounding, the penetration of ship bottom can result in severe economic loss and potential environmental damage. Ship design against accidents should be developed to predict accurately the resistance of ship structures during grounding events. The ship groundings have been evaluated experimentally and numerically by many analysts, for example J. K. Paik et al., G. Wang et al. and O. V. E. Sormunen et al.
