ABSTRACT

Though ultra football support is particularly associated with southern European football culture (the name ‘ultra’ itself deriving from the use of this political label by Italian football club supporters) the phenomenon has spread its influence into football fandom across the whole of the continent. Even in Britain, where their has been a much stronger tradition of hooligan or ‘casual’ football fan groups preoccupied with notions of locality and the ‘defence’ of it through stadium and street violence, the advance of ultra organization is evident at Scottish clubs such clubs as Glasgow Celtic and Glasgow Rangers and a raft of lower league English football clubs.2