ABSTRACT
Improving the forming quality of sheet is part of sustainable manufacturing. Such quality improvement will result in use of lightweight sheet grades, efficient production practice, reduced usage of raw materials, quality products, enhanced product life time, improved crash performance, reduced post-forming operations, improved surface characteristics, and reduced power and fuel consumption. The sheet grades determined for industrial stamping operations are rolled prior to stamping. Rolling direction plays a vital role in controlling the micro-texture of sheets and hence the formability and other mechanical properties. In incremental sheet forming, a rigid tool with hemispherical head is used to impart localized deformation on the sheet by following a predefined tool path. In hydroforming, a material in the form of sheet or tube is plastically deformed by internal fluid pressure. In tube hydroforming, during bulging, the wall thickness of the tube decreases, thus resulting in tube failure or bursting.
