ABSTRACT
Training is mostly targeted on achieving training goals that, in turn, result in physical adaptation and ultimately comply with superior intents, such as increasing performance capability, gaining fitness, losing weight and many more. Performance in sports is closely connected to physiological adaptations that are induced by the athlete's training program. Recently, a number of attempts have been made to model training effects on performance, which may be labeled as performance modelling or training effect analysis, depending on the point of view. This chapter focuses on five specific physiological assumptions that are derived from the literature and reflected by performance models. The most general physiological assumption is a time-varying status of performance. The second assumption characterizing a number of approaches presumes that physiological adaptation processes triggered by training vary over time regarding their impact on performance. Hence, the athletes' performance is influenced by training with changing magnitudes at different points of time, causing alterations on the initial performance.
