ABSTRACT
Ferroelectric nanoceramic materials have a huge potential in integrated electronics as passive components, nonvolatile ferroelectric memories, and optoelectronic devices. They are mainly utilized in the form of thin films in the recent past more than as powders. This chapter discusses the basics of nanocrystalline ferroelectrics and their synthesis routes. It focuses on sol-gel processing of prominent ferroelectric nanoceramics and their sintering methods. The chapter discusses the size effects in ferroelectric systems that have attracted a great deal of attention due to their potential application in the field of information technology. A laser technique called two-photon lithography is adopted to etch out a polymer into a 3D structure. Hydrothermal synthesis is also used to prepare BaTiO3, BiFeO3, BaSrTiO3, SrTiO3, PbTiO3, and PbZrTiO3 nanomaterials. Template synthesis involves fabrication of nanostructures using suitable template. This serves as a filling material for suitable polymeric precursors. The sol-gel method or precipitation, spray pyrolysis, or emulsion techniques are used to form ultrafine and uniform ceramic powders.
