ABSTRACT
Most project managers (PMs) believe that there are key knowledge areas that PMs should be aware of and be able to practice. The knowledge areas as identified in the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) guide are the following: Project integration management, Project scope management, Project time management, Project cost management, Project quality management, Project human resource management, Project communications management, Project risk management. Project Integration management is a collection of processes required to ensure that the various elements of the projects are properly coordinated. Lean and agile tools that may be useful in assisting in this area include the following: Continuous integration (CI), Value stream mapping, Takt time, Fishbone, Poka-yoke. Project scope is the part of project planning that involves determining and documenting a list of specific project goals, deliverables, tasks, costs, and deadlines. Project time management involves identifying and scheduling different components of the project management sequence that are necessary for project deliverables to be accomplished on time.
