Introduction

This chapter evaluates whether the existing legal framework of the European Union (EU)-Russia energy relations operates in light of the 'solidarity' principle. It explores if and to what extent it ensures trading practices that result in a reliable energy supply from Russia to the EU. Indeed, in 2007, the European Council of Foreign Relations asserted that Russia was the EU's most divisive foreign policy issue and that the EU has been underperforming in this realm. Accordingly, the institutional and legal tools conferred to the EU by the Member States in the Treaties are examined so as to establish the EU's competence in monitoring and enforcing this principle. Discussion is geared towards finding whether the EU has sufficient legal tools to speak with one voice in line with the 'solidarity principle’ when it comes to the external energy relations with Russia. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.