ABSTRACT
Gender differences in religiosity raise questions for scholars of gender, scholars of religion, and those interested in group differences more generally. This chapter explores how gender differences vary by level of earned income to consider not just how women and men differ but also how women differ from women and how men differ from men. It examines whether gender differences are attenuated among elite earners. As gender scholars have demonstrated in domains besides religion, exploring within-gender differences helps us understand between-gender differences. The chapter explores within- and between-gender differences in religiosity by earnings level, comparing non-earners through elite earners. Gender differences are largest among non-earners. The disappearance of gender differences among high earners appears to be a white and “other race” phenomenon. Examining the patterns within races sheds additional light on within-gender differences: among whites, higher earning men are significantly more religious than lower earning men on all items, including daily prayer.
