ABSTRACT
One of the core ideas of the maritime safety management system, the ISM code, has been to create a just culture through open incident reporting. However, perhaps due to a blame culture, incidents are poorly reported in maritime. The traditional approach (Safety-I) focuses on reactive responses and on eliminating the causes of human failures, whereas the new approach (Safety-II) considers humans a resource for successful performance. We tested a Human Factors (HF) tool in Finnish maritime. This tool is based on the Safety-II perspective: it focuses on successes and strives to understand human performance at the individual-, work-, group- and organizational level. The maritime organizations had no such HF tool in use. The tool was regarded as an opportunity to involve the operative personnel in reporting and analysing incidents, and understanding human performance. Use of the HF tool could help root a positive safety culture in the maritime industry.
