ABSTRACT
Exercise epidemiology has been defined as the study of "factors associated with participation in a specific behavior— that is, physical activity— and how this behavior relates to the probability of disease or injury". A secondary component of exercise epidemiology involves the study of physical activity levels in certain populations and the various factors that are associated with participation in physical activity. The origins of exercise epidemiology date back to the Ancient Greeks, who recommended vigorous physical exercise as treatments for improving mental health and overcoming physical illness. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) alone accounts for approximately 20 percent of all deaths each year worldwide, and the numbers and percentages of deaths are projected to increase at unprecedented rates. A cerebrovascular disease is any disease resulting from the obstructive effects of atherosclerosis in the arteries that supply blood to the brain. Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by abnormally low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue that leads to an increased risk of fractures.
