ABSTRACT
This chapter considers one of the practices: the veneration of mummified ancestors and of mountains considered as the ancestors of ancestors. It explores the era of the Spanish invasion of Peru, 1532 onward, including the question of whether Kaha Wayi and Pasa Qulqa already existed at that time. The chapter also considers Rapaz-area mummy cult and priesthood as it was affected by Church persecution after the last pre-Columbian generation had already died. It discusses the possible meanings of popular "idolatries" in the last phase of colonial rule. Libiac Cancharco was mummified and worshipped where his heroic trajectory had ended. Over a substantial area, that place was believed to be Rapaz. Of course, the Rapaz version was not the only version of his story. Rapaz's parish church has an unusually complete series of internal papers that never mention its neighbor Kaha Wayi.
