ABSTRACT
Motivation and emotion both push and pull people into action, thoughts, and feelings. The push of motivation comes from within the person from motives—that is, physiological and psychological needs. The pull of motivation comes from the environment in the form of incentives and goals—that is, desired end states. Emotions also push people from within to fulfill the aim of the emotion, which is to resolve a challenge in order to keep a person safe and well. Motivation resembles a journey toward an end-state that is undertaken to satisfy a motive, attain an incentive, or achieve a goal. End-states encompass the goal object, consummating the goal, and experiencing the accompanying affect. Researchers study how motivated behavior depends on or is associated with either experimental or correlational variables.
