ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the small modes of opposition specifically in the municipality of Utsjoki or among the Deatnu Sami society in the 1920s and 1930s in Northern Finland. The completely Sami association in Finland, Samii Litto, was not founded until in 1945, in the aftermath of Second World War. Hakan Rydving thinks that the historical strategies of the Sami are difficult to discern due to problematic sources, mostly created by outsiders. The problems with sources are apparent already in the research of visible Sami ethno-politics, let alone the more invisible opposition. In 1930s, the prevailing concept for the Sami in Finnish language was Lapp. Manninen's strict attitude was connected to the interest in Sami regions that had been growing in all Nordic countries from the latter part of the 19th century. Sami attitudes were also influenced by the fact that border checks could be seen to favour the majority population.
