ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the author explores how Islamophobia is implicated not just in the dominant group's modes of belonging, but also in the various modes of belonging of racialized minorities. She argues that Islamophobia can only be understood in terms of its symbiotic relationship with racial Australianization, and the historical and contemporary logics of our racial state. Even when Islamophobia is deployed, expressed and co-opted by racialized minorities, it is important to remember that as internalized oppression it must be understood as a condition and symptom of the wider racial structure. The author focuses on the relationship between internalized racism and racialized minorities' various problematizations of Muslims. The tendency among the participants to downplay racism makes more sense in the context of their own formulations of 'multiculturalism', the position they believe they inhabit in the nation, and how this intersects with their internalized racism.
