ABSTRACT
Almost 100% of aviation accidents and incidents can be attributed to any human error by personnel working in the aviation system. This is because humans have incentives, capabilities and responsibility for safe and effective operation of the system. The author challenges the construction of an accident prevention strategy by integrating various human factors knowledge and skills including the human factors investigation process of using 'Downhill Model', which emphasises the top-down concept. A socio-technical system is a group in which the failure of risk control may directly lead to a disaster. The ultimate goal of air transport is to fly passengers and freight from point A to point B safely and efficiently. Historically, there have been two primary approaches for problem solving. These are bottom-up approach and top-down approach. There are two different approaches for accident prevention, one is error resistance which is derived from the bottom-up approach and the other is error tolerance which is derived from the top-down approach.
