ABSTRACT
Although waterborne (marine) environmental geophysical surveys conducted for forensic investigations are rare, a basic understanding of marine geophysical techniques may be valuable to investigators. Several geophysical methods can effectively be used to investigate submerged sites. Acoustic surveying and magnetic surveying have been utilized to discover and delineate numerous shipwreck and archaeological sites in both fresh-and saltwater environments. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR), useful in freshwater but not salty or brackish waters, has been used experimentally in shallow freshwater environments to investigate scouring around bridge piers.
