ABSTRACT
This chapter seeks to advance a framework that proposes an alternative conceptualization of employment creation to those based on employment training schemes that train workers to fill employers' demands. It critiques orthodox approaches to employment creation based on human capital theory. The chapter focuses on the development of the concept of entrepreneurship in the work of Joseph A. Schumpeter, and others who followed in similar vein and whose work provides the theoretical underpinning for the concept of community entrepreneurship. Whale Watch Kaikoura Limited is a community trust owned and operated by Maori in Kaikoura in partnership with Ngai Tahu, their affiliated tribal people. Youth Grow is a community project for young people who are aged between 16 and 24 and who are disadvantaged in the urban labour market of Dunedin, a South Island city in New Zealand. The catalyst for New Zealand's first business high school, came as an intersection of coincidences.
