ABSTRACT
A final enemy which the science of revolution will have to conquer is the post-revolutionary utopianism of Marx's own theory. Marx's science of revolution was a practical and realistic scheme only up to, and including, the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat which should expropriate the capitalists. The principal miracle which Marx anticipated from the social revolution, was a wholesale change in human nature. Marxism knows nothing of the distinction between hereditary instincts and acquired characters. That human nature in its fundamental and general outlines could only be changed by an extended process of selective breeding, whether artificial or natural, is a point that Marx never learned from Darwin, and that he could not learn without breaking down his whole philosophy of history. Psychology as a science of human behaviour, has no more place in Marxism than psychology as a science of the mind.
