ABSTRACT
For Marx as a philosopher, a class struggle in its "inner" essence was not a concrete fight between people, but an abstract contradiction between generalities-between "forces of production" and "production-relations". And since all past history was but the dialectic life-story of such contradictions, Marx was able to assert that "All past history, with the exception of its primitive stages, was the history of class-struggles". Looking over the pages of history, he observed that ever since the time of primitive communism human society has been in a state of class struggle, open or veiled, and that human relations have never been fundamentally changed in any way except by the victory of a new class in that struggle. Upon the basis of this historic observation, backed up by economics and a hard-headed knowledge of human nature, he was able to assert that the only method by which our existing society can be revolutionized, is the organization of the working-class struggle.
