ABSTRACT
AmajoranddangerousaspectoftechnologytransferisthepotentialtransferofnucleartechnologyfromtheformerSovietUniontonon-nuclear weaponsstates.Thisenhancesthepotentialfornuclearproliferation.
Becauseofthisthreat,aprojecttodeternuclearsmugglingoutofthe RussianFederationwasfundedinfiscalyears1997and1998underthe auspicesoftheUSDepartmentofEnergy(DOE)OfficeofArmsControl andNonproliferation.Labelledthe'SecondLineofDefense'(SLD),its agreedprimarygoalhasbeentoanalyseandassessalternativestrategiesfor developingsynergisticsystemstosimultaneouslydetersmugglingofnuclearweapons,explosives,drugs,andsoonatinternationalanddomestic controlpoints.ThisworkwasinitiallycarriedoutattheArgonneNational Laboratory,amulti-purposeDOEresearchanddevelopmentfacilitylocated nearChicago,Illinois.
