ABSTRACT

Project change management and project control have a similar foundation. Project change management in the fog is a term the author uses to refer to the part of the project life cycle during which control is mostly qualitative because of the ambiguity of the scope definition. Traditional project change management refers to the common practices for managing project changes. In many organizations, management of the project's changes is limited to projects for which the work is under contracts, and the changes would be specific to the contracts. In general, changes to projects are disruptive and are leading causes of threats to the project's objectives. Studies by the Construction Industry Institute (CII) for capital-intensive projects—industrial and engineering/construction projects—find that poor change management results in poor productivity, and in turn over-budget and behind-schedule performance.