ABSTRACT
The video switcher is a production device that combines or manipulates different video sources in real time. Typically the switcher is operated by the Technical Director (TD), but in smaller productions or in automated newscasts it may be operated by the director. Essentially the video switcher allows for instantaneous editing—performing shot selection and adding transitions, graphics, and visual effects in real time. Two types of video switchers are commonly found in video facilities: distribution switchers and production switchers. Video switchers must be compatible with the type of video signals that are routed through them. Older video switchers frequently used dedicated buses to perform different functions, but the buses on modern switchers typically are multifunction; that is, their function is designated by using a function assignment button on the switcher. Most modern production switchers include a downstream keyer, which introduces matte or key effects over the output of the switcher, leaving the production buses free to perform other effects.
