ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses two ways in which behavioral data is typically taken out of context, by: micro-matching those with a world the author know to be true, or by; lumping selected bits together under one condition it have identified in hindsight. And the data out of context are simultaneously given a new meaning—imposed from the outside and from hindsight. First, individual fragments of behavior are frequently compared with procedures or regulations, which can be found to have been applicable in hindsight. Second, to construct the world against which to evaluate individual performance fragments, investigators can turn to data in the situation that were not noticed but that, in hindsight, turned out to be critical. Third, there are a number of other standards especially for performance fragments that do not easily match procedural guidance or for which it is more difficult to point out data that existed in the world and should have picked up.
