ABSTRACT
The economie justification for travel demand management (TDM) is based on the notion of economie efficiency. An efficient transportation system is one in which exteraal costs such as air pollution or traffic congestion are reduced or elirrtinated altogether. Local efforts to implement TDM programs are often the most successful ones. Even at the local level, TDM may be subject to dose scrutiny by wary citizens and their elected officials. Growth management initiatives, implemented through land use plans, zoning ordinances or development regulations are politically popular in many communities. TDM program elements that may work include virtually ali potential TDM applications, but if and only if both the timing and the location just happen to be just right. Those which seem to have the greatest potential to join the ranks of TDM programs that are reasonably popular and effective include episodio controls, road pricing, and telecommuting.
