ABSTRACT
Subversive warfare stood the Germans in good stead. The great Russian offensive, which had been undertaken with a considerable numerical superiority and with an ample supply of weapons, had not been successful. The main cause of the military disaster lay in disorganization. Each unit and every group of specialists had formed its own soviet. The Germans had taken great pains to protect the security of their clandestine operations. Despite precautions the secret was not well guarded. As the crisis became more acute, permission was obtained from the Minister of Justice to publicize the presumed treason. The Alexinsky-Pankratov letter consisted of two parts, the first explanation based upon counter-intelligence and the second largely on censorship intelligence. Alexander Skoropis-Yoltukhovsky did run the Ukrainian Bund. This was rather widely known, but Lenin's connection with the Bund had been successfully concealed. Concerning the rebellion, it was stated that a search of Bolshevik headquarters had revealed that revolt had been ordered by the Central Committee.
