ABSTRACT

This chapter discusses participation frameworks and their institutional embedding, the creoles’ similarities and differences from Panjabi and SAE. The Creole occurs in both adolescent-adult and peer-peer exchanges. Creole was more flexible in terms of the people it could address, but it was less well provided with protective insulation at the levels of both interaction and institutional organization. In combination, these factors doubtless contributed to the fact that it was more closely incorporated into those elements of everyday discourse that were counterposed to the values associated with adult, white and/or class dominance. The chapter shows evidence of Creoles’ integration with vernacular speech at oppositional moments, where linguistic structure was managed more subtly, evoking Creole's disjunctive connotations in less spectacular way than in the some extracts considered. It examines some episodes to make it clear that more than in any other kind of crossing, language form suggested quite a close relationship between the speaker's everyday personality and their temporarily adopted symbolic 'voice'.