ABSTRACT
The imaging resolution of conventional optical lenses is known as being hampered by the diffraction limit. To break such a diffraction limit, research efforts on artificial metamaterials provide a new platform for building new optical imaging systems based on hyperlenses and metalenses. Hyperlenses project super-resolution images to the far field through a magnification mechanism, whereas metalenses not only resolve subwavelength details but also enable optical Fourier transforms. This chapter discusses the underlying physics of the hyperlens, introduces its experimental demonstrations, and then describes the working mechanism of the metalens, its design principles, and extraordinary imaging properties. It also discusses major limitations and practical challenges, as well as suggestions for future development of super-resolution hyperlenses. The extension of the hyperlens concept from electromagnetic waves to acoustic waves is also included. Despite existing limitations, super-resolution achieved by hyperlenses and metalenses has already shown exciting potential applications in various fields of science and technology.
