ABSTRACT
This chapter presents an overview of the field of electrochemical immunosystems, concentrating on the most recent advances in this rapidly advancing field as well as attempting to extrapolate future trends within this area. It provides a summary of how electrochemical immunoassays are being used to address current problems such as the analysis of various environmental, clinical and food samples along with a discussion of the potential for electrochemical immunoassay systems to become much more widely used in scientific and commercial applications. The appearance of product or loss of substrate can be detected by a variety of methods including electrochemical, fluorescence-based or spectrophotometric approaches. Immunosensors exploit the exquisite selectivity of the immunosensing process by binding either an antibody or an antigen to a surface and monitoring the selective binding of its counterpart by a variety of approaches such as electrochemical, optical or mass change methods.
