ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the key principles in the management of complex pediatric colorectal diagnoses. It provides case-based presentations, radiographic images, operative images with multiple choice questions to test knowledge. The chapter presents a case study of a 5-year-old female, who presented to the emergency room with a history of abdominal pain, raising concern for appendicitis. Her abdominal ultrasound was negative but she continued to have non-specific symptoms. On further questioning, she was found to have urinary urgency, but no episodes of incontinence. She was also requiring stool softeners for constipation. She also noted some lower back pain. She underwent a magnetic resonance imaging scan. This incidentally found mass, that explained the patient's non-specific symptoms, was approached through a posterior sagittal incision, with the rectum being dissected free to allow access to the tumor in collaboration with neurosurgery.
