ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on production of bio ethanol from biomass oil palm frond lignocelluloses (OPF) using facultative thermophilic anaerobic bacterial strain. The isolates were later screened for the production of bioethanol when grown in minimal salt medium (MSM) at temperature. The sample was collected from natural hot spring located in Sungai Klah, Sungkai, Perak, Malaysia. The isolated bacterial strain also represented a promising candidate for cellulose production in addition to them being thermophilic, and an aerobic. The extracted residue from ethanol-toluene solubility was transferred into a 250 ml conical flask. The air-dried holocellulose was added in to a beaker containing 15 ml of 17.5% NaOH and later macerated for 1 min. Pretreatment is a process that removed lignin and hemicelluloses from lignocellulosic material. It can enhance the hydrolysis of cellulose, meaning smaller percentage of lignin would enhance the hydrolysis of cellulose. As a result, higher of ethanol would be produced.
