ABSTRACT
This chapter describes ways in which neuroscience is applied to criminal justice efforts in different nations and explores the possible impact of local socio–cultural–political influences on the adoption of neuroscience internationally. It shows that the differences and similarities in the translation of neuroscience to criminal justice practices throughout the world. Consistent with many jurisdictions, research on the use of neuroscientific evidence in the Canadian criminal justice system suggests that it is introduced during the sentencing phase. The use of neuroscientific evidence in criminal proceedings in the Netherlands has been found at all stages of criminal proceedings. A comprehensive study conducted by Katy de Kogel reviewed 231 cases heard between 2000 and 2012 in which neuroscientific or genetic-behavioural information was introduced. In contrast to many jurisdictions, Dutch courts appear to be utilizing neuroscience more to inform a broader variety of questions that arise in criminal justice proceedings, including those related to premeditation.
