ABSTRACT
In elementary school, teachers teach pupils how to judge moral issues and how to behave morally with an aim to teaching good citizenship in the class named “Doutoku (morality).” The essence of philosophy consists in thinking and debating. However there is a trend to introduce educational debate in the class of moral education at primary and lower secondary schools; there are several guidebooks for teachers to practice debates in a class of moral education at primary and lower secondary schools in Japan. Educational debate surely develops pupils’ ability to think deeply and logically. Most Japanese entrance examinations of human and social sciences are to test general knowledge, and most of them are multiple choice type, word filling type, or even true-false type. Accordingly, Japanese universities need a bigger budget and more specialized offices to change the way entrance examinations are conducted.
